Model Test
                                          A Vocabulary & Structure
1 Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d:
1- We know that gravity is the ………… which keeps objects on earth .
a) force          b) power               c) energy              d) energetic
2-…………..that he bought a villa last year .
a) Ali believes            b) It believes          c)It is believed              d) Ali is believed
3- The movies………I always went to last summer were marvelous .
a) to which              b) in which          c) by which                d) no word
4- Frankly speaking , I have no …….. in football matches those days .
a) interest             b) interested              c) interesting                d) interestingly
5-She had to help her husband …….. working in his shop .
a) over                 b) into              c) about              d) by
6- Adel Imam was confused and angry after reading the …… review of his new film .
a) sting        b) poisoning             c) stinging                  d) stung
7- My father always donates and helps charities and poor people , … is kind of him .
a) which            b)that               c)who                    d) whom
8- Germs are too tiny to be ….. without a microscope .
a) invisible                b) vision                c) see              d) visible
9- The glass window …. because the boy hit it with his ball .
A) is broken          b) was broken            c) was breaking               d) had broken
10- Clarke was famous as a writer and also as a scientific ………..
a) consult               b) consultant            c) consultancy                d) insult
11- There is no doubt that Ali's …… for the job is remarkable , really he is efficient .
a. suitability               b) suitable              c) suits                      d) suit
12- The cut on my finger is ………… it needs urgent and strong medicine .
a) pain             b) painless               c) painful                     d) painkiller
13- Companies give due care to ……. who pay to get a service or buy a product .
a) clients             b)customary             c)clerk                    d) assistants
14- This is ……. famous a book that nearly everyone has read it .
a) quite               b) too                  c) such                    d) so
15- I used to have the mechanic………. my car every year when I was abroad .
a) to repair                   b) repaired                c) repairing                   d) repair
16- My brother said that he had been to France and ….. the Eiffel Tower .
a ) see                         b) saw               c) seen                   d) has seen
17- He got the job as he spoke fluently …….. his interview
a) through                b)though               c)throw                     d) throughout
18- I used to help my teachers to give …… the books when I was at school .
a) in              b) on              c) away                    d) out
19- The girl …. to do the Maths exercises again because she got them all correct.
a) had                        b) doesn't have             c) didn't have          d) will have
20- Trees …. In rainforests can reach a height more than 30 metres .
a) grows          b) grown              c) are grown                   d) grew
21-My friend asked me if my parents ………..… I was with them .
a) knew            b) have known               c) know                       d) are knowing
22- To be employable , you have to keep up with changes taking …….... in modern life .
a) place             b) part               c) turn                      d) a part
23- Jack is a secretive person , he doesn't want any one …………. his plans .
a) to know             b)knows               c)knowing                  d) knew
24- My PE teacher ………….. to do exercises regularly to avoid obesity .
a) recommended              b)advised              c)said              d) advised me
25- My brother is a football ……….. , he never misses a match on TV .
a) enthusiast          b) enthusiastic      c) enthusiasm           d) enthusiastically
26- The question asked by Ali made my day they were ……………..
a) confusing          b) confused             c) amazed                d) amazing
27- It is known that two …………... make a circle .
a) squares          b) semicircles              c) triangles                    d) rings
28- I ………….. if I don't get a pay rise .
a) am resigning      b) will resign       c) am going resign           d) will be resigning
29- I used to read science fiction stories , but I ………….... it now .
a) am used to read       b) read          c) never read            d) am used to reading
30- Wow , have you done your work ……………….?
a) yet            b) ever             c) already                  d) never

                                                        B Reading Comprehension
2 Read the following passage, then answer the questions:
One of the most popular literary figures in American literature is a woman who
spent almost half of her long life in China, a country on a continent thousands of miles from the United States. In her lifetime she earned this country's most highly acclaimed literary award: the Pulitzer Prize, and also the most prestigious form of literary recognition in the world, the Nobel Prize for Literature. Pearl S. Buck was almost a household word throughout much of her lifetime because of her prolific literary output, which consisted of some eighty - five published works, including several dozen novels, six collections of short stories, fourteen books for children, and more than a dozen works of nonfiction. When she was eighty years old, some twenty - five volumes were awaiting publication. Many of those books were set in China, the land in which she spent so much of her life. Her books and her life served as a bridge between the cultures of the East and the West. As the product of those two cultures she became as the described herself,"mentally bifocal." Her unique background made her into an unusually interesting and versatile human being. As we examine the life of Pearl Buck, we cannot help but be aware that we are in fact meeting three separate people: a wife and mother, an internationally famous writer and a humanitarian and philanthropist. One cannot really get to know Pearl Buck without learning about each of the three. Though honored in her lifetime with the William Dean Howell Medal of the American Academy of Arts and Letters in addition to the Nobel and Pulitzer prizes. Pearl Buck as a total human being, not only a famous author. is a captivating subject of study.
 

A- Choose the correct answer from a. b, c or d:
1. What is the author's main purpose in the passage?
(A) To offer a criticism of the works of Pearl Buck.
(B) To illustrate Pearl Buck's views on Chinese literature
(C) To indicate the background and diverse interests of Pearl Buck
(D) To discuss Pearl Buck's influence on the cultures of the East and the West
2. According to the passage, Pearl Buck is known as a writer of all of the following EXCEPT
(A) novels       (B) children's books       (C) poetry        (D) short stories
3. Which of the following is NOT mentioned by the author as an award received by
Pearl Buck?
(A) The Nobel Prize                                (B) The Newberry Medal
(C) The William Dean Howell medal           (D) The Pulitzer prize
4. According to the passage, Pearl Buck was an unusual figure in American literature in that she
(A) wrote extensively about a very different culture
(B) published half of her books abroad
(C) won more awards than any other woman of her time
(D) achieved her first success very late in life
5. According to the passage, Pearl Buck described herself as "mentally bifocal" to suggest that she was
(A) capable of resolving the differences between two distinct linguistic systems
(B) keenly aware of how the past could influence the future
(C) capable of producing literary works of interest to both adults and children
(D) equally familiar with two different cultural environments
6. The author's attitude toward Pearl Buck could best be described as
(A) indifferent               (B) admiring             (C) sympathetic          (D) tolerant

B- Answer the following questions:
7) Why is the Pulitzer Prize so important ?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
8) What was her role in the relation between the west and the east?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
9) Why do you think she called herself as bifocal?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
10) Why do you think that pearl Buck is a captivating subject to study ?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
                                                                  The Novel
3 a Choose the correct answer:
1- Flavia pretended that ................. so that she wouldn’t accept Michael’s invitation
to go to Zenda.
a) she was going abroad                      b) had to study for her exams
c) she was ill                                          d) she was going on a trip
2- Featherly thought that the Duke of Strelsau wouldn't enjoy the coronation of his
half brother because................. .
a) Michael wanted to marry De Mauban         b) Michael wished he were the king.
c) Michael prepared for the coronation            d) His brother Rudolf was older than him
3-If the real King is dead, the Marshal must help Princess Flavia to..................
a) prepare for the wedding                         b) move to a new house
c) become the Queen of Ruritania            d) hide in a safe place
4- Michael wanted his men to .................. if the castle was attacked .
a) kill the King and hide the body               b) let the King escape
c) say that he rescued the King                       d) kill Rassendyll
b Answer TWO (2) of the following questions:
1- Why do you think it is useless to get a doctor to help the poisoned king ?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
2- What do you think Fritz meant by saying " It is a stalemate " ?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
3- What lesson or moral did you get from the story ?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
                                                                  C Writing
4 Finish the following dialogue:
Ali and Samy are talking about their ambitions
Ali : What would you like to be when you finish school ?
Samy : (1)…………………………………………. . This is my plan .
Ali : (2)……………………………………………….…………. ?
Samy : Because I like the sea and want to visit different countries (3)………..…?
Ali : I want to become a tour guide . I like (4)………………………………..………..
Samy : You 're right . It is wonderful to recognize various cultures , but (5)………
Ali : I know . I'll apply for courses to learn different languages
Samy : Wish you the best of luck .
Ali : :(6)……………………………………………………………………………….
5 Write an email of about ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY (120 words) on ONE (1) of the following:
a A complaint to an electronic company to complain about a faulty device .
b An application to a university abroad to get a free scholarship to study there.
 

6 A Translate into Arabic:

1- A teacher is like the layers of the earth: whatever level you reach, you can dig deeper to
find richer layers .
.................................................................................................................................................. .
...................................................................................................................................................
2- The road was too crowded for trucks to pass on the ring road .
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
 

B Translate ONE (1) sentence only into English:
 

-1 حدد هدفك بدقة واختر الوسائل المساعده ثم اعمل بجد لتحقق طموحك .
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
-2 الهدف من المرافق العامة هو خدمتك وتسهيل حياتك فحافظ عليها لتدوم .
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................

                                           Model Test
                                                  A Vocabulary & Structure
1 Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d:
1- No-one even noticed when I got home. They -------- the big game on TV and obviously the dog had been barking for over an hour. I was furious.
a) watched         b) have been watching           c) had been watching     d) were watching
2- When thieves stole my favourite leather jacket, I was really upset. I -------- it for over ten years.
a) had had          b) had             c) was having             d) have been having
3- I arrived over an hour late to the office and everyone was working. Actually, they had been working for over twohours on the new project and I ----------- really guilty.
a) feel              b) had felt                c) am feeling                d) felt
4- We ---------- by an art expert and he said it was worth over a million dollars.
   a) had to value the statue                   b) got to value the statue
  c) had the statue valued                      d) were valuing the statue
5- You must drive slower in built up areas. The quicker you drive in the city, the -------- it is that you will have an accident.
a) more probably                    b) more probable            c) less probable    d) less probably
6- The old lady asked me where ----------.
a) is the bank     b) was the bank     c) the bank is being      d) the bank was
7- Working till 10 pm isn’t a problem. I ----------- late. I did it in my last job, too
        a) am used to finishing                    b) used to finish
         c) used to be finishing                    d) have used to finish
8- Much --------- your father left in his will is going to your mother
a) when           b) what            c) whose           d) that
9- Before -------, glass bottles are thoroughly washed and the labels are removed
a) recycling           b) it recycles             c) being recycled             d) recycled
10- A horse uses a number of ---------- sounds to communicate verbally
a) objective         b) relative           c) detective               d) distinctive
11- It is interesting to note that certain problems which have been solved by technology reappear as the technology continues to ---------.
a) evolve           b) replace         c) launch            d) solve
12- After being made ---------- from his last job, he finally found work at a glass factory
a) dependent          b) redundant           c) independent            d) insistent
13- During the recession, James lost his job even though he was a/an ---------- worker
a) uncooperative             b) impatient         c) defective            d) conscientious
14- The school has agreed to ---------- metal detectors at the entrance so that they can be used to sense weapons being brought into the building
a) install              b) remove             c) buy                d) sell
15- The teacher tried to ---------- the fighting students but couldn’t get the two boys apart.
a) develop                  b) enrol        c) retrain              d) separate
16- Bank customers can ---------- their accounts through the electronic system.
a) destroy            b) steal        c) access             d) deal
17- To get the promotion, John worked extremely hard to ---------- that he was the best candidate.
a) deny            b) admit           c) encourage           d) prove

18- Nationwide cuts meant that all lower level employees would receive ---------- in their pay.
a) award             b) reduction            c) reward               d) money
19- Economists claim that the two countries are ----- since they have similar climates and costs of living.
a) employable          b) comparable          c) recyclable              d) available
20- Because our --------resigned, a new basketball trainer will need to be hired to guide the athletes.
a) minister               b) accountant            c) coach            d) chemist
21- She wanted to --------- a few hours of work and be home before noon.
a) do             b) bring             c) make                 d) catch
22- ---------- when you phoned them?
           a) Did they sleep                            b) Were they sleeping
           c) Have they been sleeping           d) Had they been sleeping
23- I was exhausted at the end of the exam. I ---------- for over two hours.
a) had been writing         b) have been writing        c) was writing        d) have written
24- She --------- an award for her bravery during the fire.
a) gave           b) is giving           c) has been given              d) was given
25- I tried ------- up chocolate, but it was too hard. I always ate some when my friends offered it to me.
a) give           b) given           c) giving                  d) to give
26- I'll never forget -------- that rare old coin in the garden. I was only 12 then.
a) found             b) to find              c) finding                d) founded
27- Suppose your car broke down in the middle of nowhere, ----------?
   a) what do you do                   b) what would you have done
    c) what would you do               d) what did you do
28- This book is so boring. I wish I -------- reading it.
a) don’t start            b) hadn’t started            c) didn’t start           d) wouldn’t start
29- Central Africa is suffering one of the worst ------- of the century. There is almost no rain there.
a) droughts                  b) draughts                     c) donuts                 d) drafts
30- If it -------- for his assistance, I would have lost my job.
a) weren’t                     b) wasn’t               c) hadn’t been                          d) hasn’t been
 

                                                B Reading Comprehension
2. Read the following passage, then answer the questions:
What is happening to our weather?
One weekend in May 2010, Nashville in the USA was expecting a few centimetres of rain. Two dayslater, 33 centimetres had fallen and eleven people had died in the resulting floods. There’s been achange in the weather. Extreme events like the Nashville flood – described by officials as a once-ina-millennium occurrence – are more frequent than before. Also in 2010, 28 centimetres of rain fell on Rio de Janeiro in 24 hours, causing mud slides that buried hundreds of people. And record rains
in Pakistan led to flooding that affected more than 20 million people. The following year, floods in Thailand left factories near Bangkok under water, creating a worldwide shortage of computer hard drives. Meanwhile, severe droughts have affected Australia, Russia and East Africa. Deadly heat waves have hit Europe, leaving 35,000 people dead in 2003. Financial losses from such events jumped 25 percent to an estimated $150 billion worldwide in 2011.
What’s going on? Are these extreme events signals of a dangerous, human-made change in the Earth’s climate? Or are we just going through a natural run of bad luck? The short answer is: probably both. On the one hand, the most important influences on weather events are natural cycles in the climate. Two of the most famous weather cycles, El Niño and La Niña, originate in the Pacific Ocean and can affect weather patterns worldwide. But something else is happening too: the Earth is
steadily getting warmer, with significantly more moisture in the atmosphere. The long-term accumulation of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere is trapping heat and warming up the land, oceans and atmosphere. As the oceans warm up, they produce more water vapour and this, in turn, feeds big storms, such as hurricanes and typhoons. And yet, there are ways of dealing with the effects of such extreme events. After 2003, French cities set up air-conditioned shelters for use in heat waves. In the 2006 heat wave, the death rate was two-thirds lower. ‘We know that warming of the Earth’s surface is putting more moisture into the atmosphere. We’ve measured it. The satellites see it,’ says climatologist Jay Gulledge. Another
scientist, Michael Oppenheimer, agrees. We need to face up to that reality, he says, and do the things we know can save lives and money.
 

A- Choose the correct answer from a. b, c or d:
1- The article says that extreme weather events ---------
a- have an influence on the climate. b- kill more people than before.
c- are part of a long-term change. d-have no influence at all
 

2- According to the article, -------.
a-scientists don’t know what causes extreme weather.
b- there’s more than one factor influencing our weather.
c-it’s not possible for humans to influence the weather.
d-extreme weather happens in just one place
 

3- Why was the rain in Nashville considered to be an extreme event?
a- There was very high rainfall over many days.
b- The amount of rain was forecast in advance.
c- There was very high rainfall in a very short time.
d-there was little rainfall over a few days
 

4- The rainfall in Nashville in 2010 ----------
a- last happened a thousand years ago.
b- happens every one hundred years.
c- caused very rare flooding.
d-affected the production of computer hard drives
 

5- Why did fewer people die in France in the 2006 heat wave?
a-There were better facilities provided.
b-Fewer people were in city centres at the time.
c-It wasn’t as severe as in 2003.
d-Many people were taken to hospitals immediately
 

6- According to Michael Oppenheimer ---
a- there’s no way to stop extreme weather.
b- we can be better prepared for the effects of climate change.
c- we need to spend more money so that fewer people die
d-we can actually do very little to reduce the effect of extreme weather
 

B- Answer the following questions:
7-What caused deaths in Rio de Janeiro?
8-Where are computer hard drives mostly produced?
9-What does the underlined word “it” refer to?
10-Find words in the passage which mean:
a) to come from or begin in a particular place or situation: ----------
b) quantity of something that has gradually gathered: -----------


                                               The Novel
3 a Choose the correct answer:
1-Which of the following is NOT true about Rudolf Elphberg?
a) He isn’t a fighting man                b) Not many people know what he looks like
c) He prefers eating to action                d) He doesn’t want to be a King
 

2-What did Sapt and Rassendyll need in order to leave Strelsau?
a) A permit from Rudolf Elphberg                b) A permit from Michael Elphberg
c) A permit from the guard at the city gate           d) A permit from Princess Flavia
 

3-Which of the following is NOT true about Duke Michael?
a) He was his father’s favourite son               b) He wanted his brother to become King
c) His let the King use his hunting lodge          d) He is the King’s half brother
 

4-The Duke can’t kill the real King because --------.
a) He loves his half-brother            b) The real King is already dead
c) Rassendyll will stay King            d) He doesn’t know where the King is
 

b Answer TWO (2) of the following questions:
1- Johann knew too much about Duke Michael. What kind of trouble do you think Johann would be in if Michael’s plan succeeded?
2- How do you think Rassendyll was different from the real King with regard to making decisions?
3-Why do you think Sapt cared so much about Rassendyll’s life?
 

                                                        C Writing
4- Finish the following dialogue:
Receptionist : Welcome to our hotel. (1)_____________________________?
Client : I’d like to book a room, please. Do you have any vacancies?
Receptionist : Yes, sir. (2)________________________________________?
Client : Single, please.
Receptionist : (3)_______________________________________________?
Client : Three nights.
Receptionist : Would you rather have a room with a view of the Nile or the Cairo Tower?
Client : (4)________________________________, whichever one is cheaper.
Receptionist : Sure. It’s going to be $55 per night. (5)___________________?
Client : By credit card.
Receptionist : (6)________________________________________________?
Client : Master card.
 

5 Write a paragraph of about ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY (120 words) on ONE (1) of the following:
a Why we need to improve the system of education in Egypt
b How you see yourself and how others see you
 

6 A Translate into Arabic:
1. Diabetes and high blood pressure are the most common causes of kidney failure
2. Disorders of the immune system can result in many kinds of diseases such as cancer
 

B Translate ONE (1) sentence only into English:
-1 استمرار الإنسان في قطع الغابات المطيرة ربما تكون له نتائج كارثية في المستقبل القريب.
-2 تبذل منظمة الصحة العالمية جهود اً هائلة لتحسين الرعاية الصحية في الدول النامية.

الباب الأول / الفصل الرابع (المناعة)

س/ اكتب المصطلح العلمي : 

1- قدرة الجسم على مقاومة الإصابة بالأمراض .

2- الجهاز المسئول عن مقاومة مسببات المرض .

3- حواجز طبيعية يمتلكها النبات وتمثل خط الدفاع الأول ضد مسببات المرض .

4- أحد طرق المناعة في النبات تتم عن طريق استجابات لإفراز مواد كيميائية .

5- حائط الصد الأول في مقاومة النبات للأمراض .

6- الواقي الخارجي للخلايا النباتية .

7- مادة تدخل في تركيب الجدار الخلوي للنبات وتكسبه صلابة مما يصعب على الكائنات الممرضة اختراقه .

8- نموات زائدة نتيجة تمدد الخلايا الراراتشيمية المجاورة لقصيبات الخشب في النبات وتمتد داخلها من خلال النقر .

9- مادة تفرزها النباتات المصابة بجروح حول مواضع الإصابة لمنع دخول الميكروبات داخل النبات .

10- قدرة النبات على التخلص من النسيج المصاب منع انتشار الكائنات الممرضة إلى أنسجته السليمة .

11- مركبات توجد في النباتات السليمة ويزيد تركيزها في النباتات المصابة .

12- مركبات كيميائية سامة تقتل الكائنات الممرضة مثل البكتريا أو تثبط نموها .

13- نوع من الأحماض الأمينية لا تدخل في بناء البروتينات وتعمل كمواد واقية للنبات .

14-إنزيمات تتفاعل مع السموم التي تفرزها الكائنات الممرضة وتبطل سميتها .

15- حث النباتات على مقاومة الأمراض النباتية .

16- جهاز في الإنسان لا ترتبط أجزاؤه بصورة تشريحية متتالية .

17- الاسم الذي يطلق على أعضاء الجهاز المناعي في الإنسان .

18- غدة تفرز هرمون التيموسين .

الباب الأول - الفصل الثالث (التكاثر )

س/ أكتب المصطلح العلمي : 

1- نوع الخلايا التي تتكاثر بواسطتها بعض النباتات البدائية .

2- قدرة البويضة على النمو لتكوين فرد جديد بدون إخصاب من المشيج الذكري .

3- طريقة للتكاثر الالاجنسي تستغل في إكثار نباتات نادرة ذات سلالات ممتازة .

4- طريقة ينقسم بها كيس البيض لإنتاج الأسبوروزويتات .

5- الخلايا الأربع الناتجة من انقسام الخلايا الجرثومية الأمية ميوزيا أثناء تكوين حبوب اللقاح .

6- عملية حيوية توفر للزهرة الخلايا الذكرية اللازمة لعملية الإخصاب .

7- اندماج نواتين ذكريتين إحداهما مع البيضة والأخرى مع نواتا الكيس الجنيني .

8- خلايا تفرز سائل يعمل على تغذية الحيوانات المنوية داخل الخصية .

9- خلايا توجد بالخصية يعتقد أن لها وظيفة مناعية .

10- خلايا أحادية المجموعة الصبغية تتحول مباشرة إلى حيوانات منوية بدون انقسام .

11- إنزيم يعمل على إذابةجزء من غلاف البويضة مما يسهل من عملية إختراق الحيوان المنوي للبويضة .

12- حمض يعمل على تماسك خلايا غلاف البويضة في المرأة .

13- طريقة لمنع الحمل يتم فيها ربط أو قطع قناتي فالوب في المرأة .

14- إحلال نواة خلية جنينية لكائن حي محل نواة بويضة غير مخصبة لنفس النوع .

الباب الاول / الفصل الثاني ( التنسيق الهرموني ) 

س/ اكتب المصطلح العلمي : 

1- مواد كيميائية تفرز من الخلايا الحية في القمم النامية والبراعم النباتية وتؤثر في وظائف المناطق المختلفة بالنبات .

2- أعضاء مفرزة ،ليست لها قنوات خاصة بها وتصب إفرازها مباشرة في تيار الدم .

3- موقع إفراز هرمونات الجزء العصبي للغدة النخامية .

4- هرمون يفرزه الفص الأمامي من الغدة النخامية ويسيطر على تمثيل الغذاء .

5- هرمون يفرز من الغدة النخامية ويتحكم في عمليات الأيض وخاصة تصنيع البروتين .

6- منطقة بالمخ تحتوي على خلايا عصبية مفرزة لهرمونات الجزء العصبي للغدة النخامية .

7- هرمون يعمل على تقليل كمية البول عن طريق إعادة امتصاص الماء في النفرون .

8- هرمون يحفز امتصاص السكريات الأحادية من الأمعاء الدقيقة .

9- هرمون يؤثر على معدل الأيض الأساسي ويتحكم فيه .

10- الهرمون الذي يؤدي نقص إفرازه في الشخص البالغ إلى هبوط مستوى التمثيل الغذائي .

11- الهرمون الذي تفرزه الغدة الدرقية ويعمل على تقليل نسبة الكالسيوم في الدم .

12- أربعة غدد توجد على جانبي القصبة الهوائية .

13- هرمونات يزداد إفرازهما في حالات الخوف والغضب والانفعال الشديد .

14- مجموعة خلايا غدية صغيرة تحافظ على ثبات مستوى السكر في الدم .

15- مادة كربوهيدراتية تخزن داخل الأنسجة الحيوانية .

16- هرمون يحفز عملية تخزين الجلوكوز في صورة جليكوجين .

17- هرمون يفرز من الغشاء المخاطي للمعدة .

                    الباب الأول( الدعامة والحركة )

س/ اكتب المصطلح العلمي المقابل لكل مما يأتي : 

1- عظام تتصل بالفقرات الظهرية من الخلف وبعظمة القص من الأمام .

2- عظمة مفلطحة مدببة من أسفل وجزؤها السفلي غضروفي و يتصل بها بعض الضلوع .

3- زوجان قصِيران من الضلوع لا يتصلان بعظمة لوح القص.

4- عظمة رفيعة تتصل بعظمة لوح الكتف .

5- عظمة مثلثة الشكل طرفها الداخلي عريض والخارجي مدبب ولها نتوء يثبت به عظمة الترقوة .

6- تجويف يوجد عند الطرف الخارجي لعظمة لوح الكتف .

7- عظمة تتحرك حركة نصف دائرية حول الزند الثابت . 

8- عظمة صغيرة مستديرة تقع أمام مفصل الركبة .

9- المسافة بين كل خطين متتاليين (Z) في تركيب اللييفة العضلية .

10- خيوط بروتينية توجد في اللليفة العضلية تمتد مها الروابط المستعرضة .

11- العظمة الخلفية م عظام العرقوب وهى أكبر العظام المكوة له .

12- نوع من الأنسجة الضامة لا تحتوي خلاياه على أوعيه دموية .

13- مفاصل تربط عظام الجمجمة ببعضها البعض من خلال أطرافها المسننة .

14- نسيج ضام قوي يربط العضلات بالعظام عند المفاصل .

15- جزء النبات الذي إذا لم يجد ما يلتصق به أثناء حركته فإنه يذبل ويموت .